14^th International Conference on Energy and Materials Research December 06-07, 2017 Dallas, Texas, USA

Hydrogen can be utilized in fuel cells to produce power by a chemical reaction instead of combustion, generating only water and heat as byproducts. It can be used in cars, in houses, for mobile power, and in many more applications. Hydrogen can be produced using various, domestic resources—including fossil fuels, such as natural gas and coal (with carbon sequestration); nuclear energy; and other renewable energy sources, such as biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and hydro-electric power—using a wide range of processes. The overall challenge to hydrogen generation is cost. For cost-competitive transportation, a key driver for energy independence, hydrogen must be comparable to conventional fuels and technologies.

The comparatively recent shift toward exploitation nano technology with regard to the capture, transfer, and storage of energy has positive economic impacts on society. The management of materials that nano technology offers to scientists and engineers is one amongst the vital aspects of nano technology. Nano technology in energy materials is exhibiting raised potency of lighting and heating, increased electrical storage capability, and a decrease in the quantity of pollution from the utilization of energy.  Advantages like these build the investment of capital in R&D of nano technology a prime priority.

Growing energy requirements need augmented efforts on developing materials and technologies that target energy generation, energy conversion and energy storage. For instance, recently the International solar alliance, consisting of over 120 countries, has been committed $1 trillion as investment and it's committed to reduce the prices of solar energy for remote and inaccessible communities. The World Bank is playing a significant role in mobilizing over US $1000 billion in investments which will be required by 2030. In 2013 thin-film technologies accounted for around 9 % of worldwide utilization, whereas 91 % by crystalline Si (mono-Si and multi-Si). With 5% of the general market, CdTe holds over half the thin-film market, 2 % of CIGS and amorphous Si. As per a study, prepared by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), recent solar modules are valued at $15 billion in reusable material by the year 2050. IRENA estimates that PV panel waste, comprised largely of glass, might total 78 million tonnes globally.

1. Graphene has unique mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. The worldwide market for graphene reached $9 million by 2012 in the sectors of semiconductor materials, electronic devices, battery technologies, and composite materials. Graphene is synthesized in sheet, nano ribbons, quantum dots, oxides, and 3D forms. The market of graphene includes revolutionary display systems and touch screens.

Polymers are studied in the fields of polymer science (chemistry and physics) biosciences and engineering science.  Advanced polymers are used in many different applications in the field of energy such as lithium-ion polymer battery (LiPo), Crystallization of polymers, electro active polymers, polymeric surface, cationic & plasma polymerization, polymer brush etc..

New materials are being discovered and designed according to the ever increasing demands of today’s technology. The topics of metallurgy, solid state physics, chemistry, composite materials, manufacturing and mechanical process, biomaterials and ceramics etc.. are leading to breakthroughs in near future. Advanced ceramics will offer substantial energy.

The formation, fabrication, textures, structures, properties, performances, and technological applications of materials and their devices for energy storage like Thermal, electrochemical, Chemical, Electrical, magnetic, and energy Storage form the theme of this venue. Materials for clean and versatile use of energy, renewable energy, energy conversion, dissipation and transport in respect to energy storage, methods and policies for developing advanced energy storage technologies are in demand. According to research firm IHS, the energy storage market is about to “explode” to annual installation size of 6GW in 2017 and over 40 GW by 2022 — from an initial base of solely 0.34 GW installed in in 2012 and 2013. For instance, the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) approved a target requiring the state’s 3 largest investor-owned utilities, aggregators, and alternative energy service suppliers to generate 1.3 GW of energy storage by 2020.

Nano structuring has been utilized to improve the efficiencies of established photovoltaic technologies, for instance by rising current collection in amorphous Si devices, plasmonic improvising in dye-sensitized solar cells, and improved lightweight trapping in crystalline Si.

Functional bio nano materials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, fullerenes, soft, polymeric nanoparticles, metal organic nano materials, self-assembled and supramolecular nanostructures, and their derivatives have distinctive physico-chemical properties like catalytic, dielectric, optical and mechanical. Applications are sensors, drug delivery, proteomics and biomolecular electronics. Especially, their biological applications have furthered elementary understanding of bio molecular systems like vesicles, viruses and cells, stimulated design of nano materials with biological functions. The last ones are ordinarily referred to as bioinspired nanomaterials or biomimetic.

Mining and metals continue to be among the best performing global equity sectors and the research into those fields is being funded the most. Super alloys are being tailored as per the requirement of the industry. Novel technologies in operations in mining industry and the successive process metallurgy are supported for effective and profitable outcomes. 

Materials are characterized into mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Materials that exhibit special and unique optical and magnetic effects are utilized in various industries and in fundamental and pure research. The near future holds breakthrough dimensions in optics and photonics fields. Take the example of semiconductors recently; The applications of semiconductors in energy saving systems embrace superior sensible grid, electrical power transmission, transformers, power storage devices, fault current limiters, etc.. Replacing vehicle chassis with lighter weight materials by increasing strength to weight ratio is being researched.